Exploring Situated Cognition in e-Learning

As we explore collaborative intelligence within the e-Learning Ecologies MOOC, one fascinating and under-discussed concept that deserves attention is Situated Cognition.

Situated Cognition is the theory that knowledge is not just abstract and decontextualized but is deeply tied to the activity, context, and culture in which it is learned and used. In other words, learning is most effective when it takes place in authentic settings and through real-world engagement, where learners actively participate in the practices of a community.

Brown, Collins, and Duguid (1989) argued that "knowledge is situated, being in part a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used" (source). This stands in contrast to traditional models of instruction that treat knowledge as static information to be transferred.

Example in Practice: Learning Through Virtual Simulations

A great modern example of situated cognition in action is the use of immersive virtual simulations in medical training. Platforms like Osso VR or Body Interact place learners (e.g., medical students) in realistic clinical scenarios where they must apply their knowledge in context, make decisions, and collaborate with virtual or real peers. These environments mimic the complexities of real-life medical practice, allowing knowledge to develop through doing rather than passive reception.

Here’s a video showing how Osso VR works:
🎥 Watch on YouTube – Osso VR Surgical Training

These kinds of tools embody the core idea of situated cognition — knowledge is best acquired and retained when it's learned in the context in which it will be applied.

Why This Matters for Collaborative Intelligence

Situated cognition supports collaborative intelligence by emphasizing shared cultural practices and the importance of social context. It aligns closely with communities of practice, where learning happens organically as people work together in meaningful activities. For example, coding bootcamps, makerspaces, and apprenticeship-style online learning environments (like GitHub collaboration or game-based learning) all thrive on this model.

I'd love to hear how others have seen this approach in action — especially in informal learning or community-based digital environments!