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Scenario based learning (SBL) is a teaching method that provides learners the opportunity to develop skills by practicing in a simulated environment that replicates real-world conditions. ^[1]This contrasts with traditional training methods that may present information out of context, making it difficult for students or employees to apply their knowledge outside of the learning environment.

Low Risk Environment

A notable benefit of SBL is that it provides learners with the opportunity to practice applying knowledge and developing their skills in critical thinking and problem-solving in a low-risk environment.^[2]

Competent application of skills and ethical decisions are particularly important in professional practice where mistakes can lead to serious short and long term consequences to public safety, individual rights and environmental protection (e.g., aviation, healthcare, engineering, legal, resource management).^[3]  

Improved learning outcomes

SBL is based on the principles of situated learning theory developed in 1991 by Lathe and Vendor, who proposed that learning best occurs when it takes place in the context in which it is applied.^[4] 

SBL is a form of active learning in which the learner is required to engage with, apply and reflect on information provided. Studies have shown that active learning can lead to better learning outcomes compared to passive learning in areas of science education.^[5] 

Evolution of SBL

Use of SBL is first documented in training used by the US military to prepare soldiers more effectively for combat situations in WWI. ^[6]

in the decades that followed, SBL gained popularity in various contexts, such as education and business,  With the introduction of computers in classrooms and universities during the 1960s and 1970s, instructional designers started creating computer-based courses that incorporated SBL. These courses were usually included as a component of a larger e-learning module and aimed to involve learners in realistic contexts to apply the concepts they were learning. The initial programs employed basic text-based scenarios to teach learners how to make decisions and tackle problems.

As technology progressed, SBL also evolved and can now be delivered in various formats such as simulations, games, and virtual reality. Multimedia technologies like audio and video made it possible to create more immersive and interactive scenarios, leading e-learning designers to use them to simulate real-world situations for a better learning experience.

Today, e-learning scenarios can be simple or complex and come in different forms. They can be delivered through different technologies such as learning management systems, mobile devices, and virtual reality platforms. Scenarios are now considered a best practice in e-learning, and instructional designers rely on them to create effective and engaging e-learning experiences.^[7]

Future of SBL

The recent introduction of large language models (i.e., Open AI’s GPT-4), has set the stage for potentially significant enhancements to SBL and immersive learning opportunities in the future.^[8] 

Given that a limiting factor to the development and use of SBL and more sophisticated immersive learning tools appears to be cost^[9], hopefully such advances will also provide broader access to organizations with funding constraints (i.e., public schools and other institutions, small businesses, not-for-profit organizations) who could benefit from such training.