Abstract

This scientific article delves into the evolution of spirituality in ancient hominids, exploring its origins from anthropological and psychological perspectives. The study postulates that spirituality had its roots in perceptions of nature and celestial observation, influencing the development of religious and cultural beliefs throughout human evolution. Beginning with Australopithecus, ancestral humans exhibited spiritual motivation, leading to the emergence of symbolic psychology, animism, and the development of rituals and beliefs. The research also highlights the role of symbolic experiences, cave art, and the transition to written language and mathematics in shaping modern human spirituality. Drawing from various scientific disciplines, including paleopsychology, paleoanthropology, and psychology of religion, this study presents a comprehensive framework for understanding the phylogenesis of human spirituality. It acknowledges the complexities of interdisciplinary research involving fossils and emphasizes the importance of integrating multiple perspectives to achieve a holistic understanding of spiritual evolution. In the contemporary knowledge society, belief systems from diverse cultures and fields merge through syncretism, providing modern humans with a rich tapestry of mystical knowledge. This article contributes to the broader discussion on the origins of spirituality, providing valuable insights into the development of the human psyche and its enduring connection to the sacred throughout history. However, it is important to note that these interpretations are based on inferences, and the role of spirituality in human evolution remains a matter of debate.