Testing intelligence focuses on assessing a person’s ability to reason, solve problems, and adapt to new situations, often through abstract tasks that don’t require specific prior knowledge. It evaluates cognitive abilities like pattern recognition and logical thinking. In contrast, testing for knowledge measures a person’s recall and understanding of specific facts or learned concepts within a particular subject area. It focuses on how much a person knows, often through exams or quizzes. While intelligence testing gauges potential for learning and problem-solving, knowledge testing evaluates expertise in a defined field or topic. Each has distinct purposes and contexts for use.