The Televisual Mapping of Poverty in 1970s India

Abstract

The paper examines iconic Indian-international broadcaster, Melville de Mellow’s, television documentary series Now and its role in mapping poverty in 1970s India during the National Emergency (1975-77), a period of political dictatorship. Building on his earlier nature-travel series Perspective, de Mellow shifted focus from landscapes to human populations, particularly the poor in rural and urban settings with a similar cartographic consciousness. The analysis situates Now within the global poverty discourse of the 1960s-70s, when international organizations like the UN and the Ford Foundation promoted technocratic population control, while visual representations of poverty became central to development narratives. I locate the state apparatus of television in relation to “planetary” notions of poverty that originated at this point. What was this archive, how was it produced, what visual regimes did it draw upon, and how did de Mellow negotiate it, shaped by multiple forces? The essay argues that de Mellow’s Anglo-Indian identity enabled him to deploy both “insider” and “outsider” perspectives, justifying authoritarian practices including forced sterilization and slum demolitions. Through sophisticated cinematographic techniques and ethnographic documentation, Now constructed the poor as bio-political subjects requiring upliftment or disposal, concealing the structural violence of the Emergency behind a performative mask of state welfare and humanitarianism.

Presenters

Ipsita Sahu
PhD, Jawaharlal Nehru University, India

Details

Presentation Type

Paper Presentation in a Themed Session

Theme

Media Cultures

KEYWORDS

Television Documentary, Intermedial Aesthetics, Bio-politics, Humanitarianism, Third-Worldism, Politics of Poverty