Toward Energy Justice
Could the Environmental Daly Curve Hypothesis Be Valid for Less Industrialized Economies?: Testing the Relationship between Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Francis Ayensu
The theory of Environmental Daly Curve (EDC) hypothesis has received little attention from researchers and academicians. Coupled with limited literature and scare empirical studies, the current study aims to fill the research gap by statistically testing the EDC hypothesis for the relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth in less industrialized nations. The research approach is deductive; the research design is explanatory; while the research method is quantitative. The target population represents 155 nations across the globe. From this number, a sample of 75 countries with high air pollution would constitute the sample size. The sample design would be a purposive sampling method since the selected countries must meet certain criteria. The source of data would be primarily secondary data. Data is gathered from World Bank through the database of World Development Indicators. The analysis method is an observation of cross sectional panel data over 31 years from 1990 to 2020. The statistical modeling methods (cross-sectional dependency test, panel unit root, panel cointegration, causality test, CCEMG, DOLS) are performed with the application of statistical softwares (Microsoft Excel, EViews, Stata).
Distributional Energy Justice and the Inclusive Human Development Agenda in Africa
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Isaac Kwesi Ofori
This study employs macro data for 36 African countries to address three important gaps in the inclusive human development (IHDI) literature. First, previous studies have not investigated the effect of distributional energy justice (hereafter: energy justice) on IHDI. Second, prior contributions have not explored whether climate change readiness interacts with energy justice to promote IHDI. Third, studies have examined whether the energy justice-climate change readiness interactive effect (if any) has different effects in low-income, and middle- and high-income African countries. Robust findings based on the generalised method of moments reveal that: (i) energy justice promotes IHDI, (ii) climate change readiness amplifies the positive effect of energy justice on IHDI, and (iii) vis-à-vis low-income countries, middle- and high-income countries realise remarkable increase in IHDI with progress in energy justice and climate change readiness. Across the economic, social, and governance perspectives of climate change readiness, I find that the contingency effect of governance readiness is remarkable in all the samples. I conclude that investments in broadening energy justice and Africa’s climate change readiness are critical to inclusive human development.
Assessing Residents’ Perceptions and Awareness about Household Emission Policies in Ghana
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Seth Adom
The government of Ghana has introduced climate change mitigation initiatives with specific goals aimed at reducing emissions and improving residents’ health. For instance, it plans to distribute two million solar lanterns to households and increase Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) adoption to 50% among peri-urban and rural households by 2030. Through the Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, 50,000 free cylinders and cookstoves will also be distributed nationwide. This study examines residents' awareness and perceptions of these policies. We conducted a semi-structured online survey in the Greater Accra region from October 2023 to February 2024, gathering 146 valid responses. Using ordered probit regression, we analyzed correlations between socio-demographic factors and respondents’ perceptions. Results show that 66% were aware of the ban on second-hand refrigerators, 52% knew about the ban on used air conditioners, and 62% were informed about the refrigerator rebate program. However, 69% were unaware of tax exemptions on solar products and the solar lantern program. Monthly income was the only variable with a statistically significant effect on perception (p-value = 0.010), suggesting higher income correlates with more positive views on emission policies. Given the moderate awareness of these initiatives, this paper discusses measures the Ghanaian government could take to enhance public engagement and effectiveness.
Response of Rural Farmers to the Effects of Climate Change in Cross River State Nigeria View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Friday Ogar Idiku
The purpose of this study was to ascertain the response of rural farmers to the effects of climate change in Cross River State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of farmers, examine the level of awareness of climate change among rural farmers, identify the primary sources of information on climate change for rural farmers, evaluate the perceived effects of climate change on agricultural practices; explore the coping strategies employed by rural farmers in response to the impacts of climate change and identify the constraints faced by rural farmers in implementing coping strategies. The research adopted a survey design and 215 respondents were randomly selected for the study. Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings reveal that 28.8% of the respondents were between the age bracket of 51-60 years, 50.2% were females, majority 51.2% had secondary education with 73.5% having no access to extension services. It was also revealed that 86.0% are aware of climate change and indicated that radio 20% was their major source of information, while perceived critical effects of climate change include cost of food crops increases x ̅ =4.79 followed by decrease in soil fertility x ̅ = 4.72 and early weeding 214, mixed cropping 212 were coping strategies as lack of knowledge about appropriate adaptation (n=200) was a major constraint. Empowerment of rural farmers to better manage the impacts of climate change and secure their livelihoods for future generations is essential for sustainable agricultural development.
